Search results for "General Economics"
showing 10 items of 499 documents
Comparison of biocides, allelopathic substances and UV-C as treatments for biofilm proliferation on heritage monuments
2018
Abstract UV-C and biocide treatments are frequently used to treat historical monuments contaminated by autotrophic biofilms. In this study, the authors compare for the first time the efficacy of these treatments against microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and algae proliferating in the Vicherey church (Vicherey, Vosges Department, France). To identify the most environmentally friendly and also efficient method, an allelopathic treatment was also tested. Colorimetric and physiological measurements of treated biofilms were thus monitored for 6 months. Fungi growing on necrotic matter from treated biofilms were sampled and sequenced. With biocides, results showed incomplete eradication of bio…
Stability of stationary solutions in models of the Calvin cycle
2017
Abstract In this paper results are obtained concerning the number of positive stationary solutions in simple models of the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis and the stability of these solutions. It is proved that there are open sets of parameters in the model of Zhu et al. (2009) for which there exist two positive stationary solutions. There are never more than two isolated positive stationary solutions but under certain explicit special conditions on the parameters there is a whole continuum of positive stationary solutions. It is also shown that in the set of parameter values for which two isolated positive stationary solutions exist there is an open subset where one of the solutions is asym…
Que disent les locutions : de, devant, et, en tant que, entre... ?
2011
Comme tous les termes d’une langue, les concepts philosophiques n’ont de sens que par leur relation à l’ensemble de la conceptualité à laquelle ils appartiennent. Mais cela signifie que la relation entre les concepts n’est pas moins essentielle que ces derniers. Et c’est cette relation que disent les éléments du langage que l’on appelle communément des particules de liaison comme de, et, après…, en dehors desquelles la parole serait pure nomination. Seulement, poser l’égale importance de ces ...
La cosmicité de l’existence : entre Patocka et Minkowski
2019
La convergence de deux dimensions des pensées de Patočka et de Minkowski en direction d’une phénoménologie non-égologique de la vie permet d’envisager la possibilité non tant d’une « comparaison » qui conduit bien souvent à juxtaposer des pensées de façon assez stérile, mais de lire Patočka à partir de Minkowski et inversement. S’ils se sont tous deux recommandés d’une phénoménologie dont le sens est assez différent, ils ont tous deux invité à reconnaître, plus, à interroger le caractère mouv...
Systemic Risk in a Structural Model of Bank Default Linkages
2018
Abstract We study a structural model of individual bank defaults across the banking sector; banks are interconnected through their exposure to a common risk factor. The paper introduces a systemic risk measure based on the default frequency in the banking sector; this measure depends non-linearly on the factor's loadings, in contrast to previous systemic risk measures that depend linearly on loadings. We estimate loadings in the U.S. banking system over the course of the last 36 years; we find that they have considerably increased over time and identify four major regimes. Our measure shows that systemic risk became critical in the last of our four regimes, covering the most recent time per…
Cross-autocorrelations in European stock returns
2016
This paper examines lead-lag relationships between monthly index returns from 18 European industries. Several interesting and clear relationships are found that call into question the efficiency of European stock markets. While the Automobiles & Parts sector lags more than half of the other sectors, the Financial Services, Technology, and Telecommunications sectors lead many others. In particular, the leadership of the Technology sector has strengthened in recent years.
Interventions with Sticky Social Norms: A Critique
2021
Abstract We study the consequences of policy interventions when social norms are endogenous but costly to change. In our environment, a group faces a negative externality that it partially mitigates through incentives in the form of punishments. In this setting, policy interventions can have unexpected consequences. The most striking is that when the cost of bargaining is high, introducing a Pigouvian tax can increase output—yet in doing so increase welfare. An observer who saw that an increase in a Pigouvian tax raised output might wrongly conclude that this harmed welfare and that a larger tax increase would also raise output. This counter-intuitive impact on output is demonstrated theore…
La solvencia de las entidades de crédito españolas. Un análisis con datos de panel
2016
Resumen Este trabajo estudia los determinantes que han influido en la solvencia de las entidades de credito espanolas. Se contrastan 8 hipotesis con datos obtenidos de las cuentas anuales de las entidades de credito que cubren desde el ano 2004 al 2011. Se utilizan 2 metodologias para el contraste de las hipotesis. Para las 6 primeras se utilizan modelos econometricos de datos de panel no balanceados. Entre los resultados se constata que la dependencia de los mercados mayoristas, la situacion socioeconomica que ha llevado al incremento de la morosidad y de los deterioros, contribuyen de forma negativa en la solvencia. La cartera de activos, las inversiones inmobiliarias, el apalancamiento, …
Credit Risk Research: Review and Agenda
2018
This article provides a comprehensive review of scholarly research on credit risk measurement during the last 57 years applying bibliometric citation analysis and elaborates an agenda for future research. The bibliography is compiled using the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science (WOS) database and includes all articles with citations over the period 1960–2016. Specifically, the review is carried out using 1695 articles across 72 countries published in 442 journals by 2928 authors. The findings suggest that credit risk research is multifaceted and can be classified into six streams: (1) defaultable security pricing, (2) default intensity modeling, (3) comparative analys…
Do Large European Banks Differ in their Derivative Disclosure Practices? A Cross-country Empirical Study.
2019
Risk disclosure has strategic importance for the efficiency of financial markets and overall financial stability. It plays a pivotal role in strengthening market discipline and building trust to improve relationships with stakeholders in banking. Risk reporting has taken a growing importance in banking over the last years. The topic of this paper is derivative reporting in banking. The authors employ content analysis to conduct an empirical study on a sample of large European banks. The authors propose a hybrid scoring model for the assessment of derivative disclosure in banking institutions. The methodology employed in this research is able to capture a considerable amount of information b…